Alimentação emocional: narrativa histórica e o panorama atual
Resumo
Introdução: A ingestão alimentar quando utilizada para lidar com emoções negativas, como forma de resposta as mesmas, chama-se de alimentação emocional. Objetivo: Demonstrar o histórico e direcionamento das pesquisas relacionadas ao tema alimentação emocional. Materiais e métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicos (Pubmed e Scielo), utilizando os descritores: “alimentação emocional”, “restrição alimentar”, “dieta restritiva”, “afeto negativo” e “humor negativo”. Foram incluídos artigos publicados desde o ano 1983.Resultados: Os estudos encontrados associam a alimentação emocional com fatores biopsicossociais relacionados com alteração emocional e consequente influência sobre a ingestão alimentar, como a obesidade e os transtornos alimentares, além de instrumentos de avaliação e intervenção para lidar com tal comportamento. Pode-se constar um aumento na disponibilidade de trabalhos sobre o tema ao longo dos anos, sendo a maioria deles desenvolvidos em países de língua inglesa. Conclusão: O interesse pelo tema se mostrou aumentado ao longo de todo o período revisado e provavelmente permanecerá nos próximos anos tendo em vista o estilo de vida moderna com impacto emocional, como aumento dos níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão, e também o aumento de casos de obesidade e transtornos alimentares.
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