Relationship between macronutrients consumption and caffeine with nutritional status and body composition
Abstract
Introduction: Caffeine increases the excitability of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to elimination of hunger, increases satiety and stimulation of energy expenditure, increasing fat oxidation. Its action occurs in the metabolism of fats and in weight loss, being associated in the reduction of glucose metabolism and in the increase of mobilization of fatty acids. Objective: To correlate caffeine consumption with anthropometric and dietary indicators for adults. Methods: The retrospective quantitative cross-sectional study was based on an analysis of 103 records between 2014 and 2016, which reported on the consumption of caffeine, carbohydrate, protein, total fat, trans fat, monounsaturated fat, saturated fat, total energy, body mass index (BMI), lean mass percentage, fat mass percentage, age, weight and height, attended at a Nutrition Clinic of an University located in Rio Grande do Sul. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 13.0. The level of significance was set at 5% (p <0.05). Descriptive statistics and statistical tests were performed. The Pearson correlation coefficient and non-parametric Krukal-Wallis test were used. Results: The mean age of the adults was 24.93 (± 6.53). In this study it was observed that the higher the caffeine intake, the lower the percentage of body fat found (p = 0.023). The higher the consumption of carbohydrate, protein, total calories and caffeine (p≤0.01), the higher the lean weight (p≤0.05). While the higher the consumption of caffeine, the lower the carbohydrate consumption (r = - 0.225, p≤0.05) and% body fat (r = - 0.224, p ≤0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of caffeine was related to the loss of body fat percentage and the lower consumption of carbohydrates. As well as the consumption of carbohydrates, caffeine, protein and total calories, was associated with increased lean weight.
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