Differences in body fractionation between indigenous and non-indigenous Chilean schoolchildren
Abstract
Introduction: The Mapuche is the more represented ethnic group (87%) among the Chilean indigenous population. However, the research examining body composition in aboriginal groups is scarce. Aim: To determine differences in anthropometric and body fractionation between indigenous (Mapuche) and non-indigenous students from Chile. Methods: The sample included 109 indigenous students and 122 non-indigenous male students. The body fractionation was estimated through the protocol described by the International Society for the advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to estimate statistical significance of differences among variables. Results: The Mapuche children exhibited lower values of body weight (p<0,001), height (p<0,01) and all the skinfolds, body perimeters and bone diameters assessed compared to non-Mapuche, excepting for the forearm circumference (p<0,05) and transverse thorax diameter (p<0,05). Regarding body composition, the indigenous students showed lower values of fat mass (p<0,001), residual mass (p<0,05) and epithelial mass (p<0,001). However, they achieve higher percentages for muscle mass (p<0,01) and bone mass (p<0,01) than the non-indigenous students. Conclusion: The Mapuche students show better muscle and bone mass scores, while showing lower percentages of fat and residual epithelial mass with respect to non-Mapuche students from the same area of residence.
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