Characteristics of sleep disorders, snoring and disorders of stomatognatic system on obeses candidates for bariatric surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Obese individuals have some peculiar characteristics of structures that can compromise the stomatognathic system functions. Objective: To characterize structures and functions of the stomatognathic system, sleep disorders and snoring in morbid obese candidates for gastroplasty. Methods and Materials: Study with 28 individuals, aged between 22 and 65 years old, candidates for bariatric surgery. An interview, a stomatognathic structure system evaluation, the EPWORTH sleepiness scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied. Results: In the interview in relation to the sleepping aspects 71,5% of the pacients declare they snore, 50% have shortness of breath during sleep and 75% have daytime sleepiness. In stomatognathic structures were altered the morphology (53,7%) and tongue posture (32,1%), increased neck circumference (96,4%) and in the Mallampati test 85,8% showed classes III and IV. Regarding the EPWORTH sleepiness scale 17,9% showed alterations. Regarding the overall score of Pittsburgh quality of life questionnaire it ranked as poor sleep 60,7% of the pacients. Still, scores of the Mallampati test were associated with body mass index and the sleeping difficulty to EPWORTH scale. Discussion: The intervention in patients before or after gastroplasty seeks to intervene in the structures and functions of the stomatognathic system, aiming to better correlation between form and function that may contribute to other aspects covered by the multidisciplinary team that promote quality of life. Conclusion: Still, the tongue's morphology and posture changed and neck circumference increased.The most subjects have complaints about sleeping difficulty, mainly, presence of snoring, nocturnal sleep disruption, and consequently, daytime sleepiness.