Nutritional status and eating habits of bariatric patients with and without nutritional monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is an infectious disease with the development of mild to severe symptoms and, among the preventive measures, social isolation was recommended. During confinement, emotional problems and stress led to increased consumption of high-calorie and ultra-processed foods. Post-bariatric surgery patients are especially vulnerable to emotional distress and inappropriate lifestyle behaviors. Objective: To evaluate the association between self-reported nutritional status, eating habits, and nutritional monitoring of bariatric patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical, online study with 412 bariatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil from September 2021 to February 2022. Results and discussion: Patients with nutritional monitoring had higher BMI during the pre-pandemic period and higher consumption of fresh fruit, while patients without nutritional monitoring had a positive association with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and the habit of skipping 6 meals a day; additionally, not consuming fresh fruit was positively associated with high body mass index. Conclusion: Given this, it is evident that the COVID-19 pandemic caused impacts on the studied population, with changes in anthropometric data and eating habits.
References
-Alvarenga, M.; Figueiredo, M.; Timerman, F.; Antonaccio, C. Nutrição comportamental. São Paulo. Editora Manole. 2015. p. 1261.
-Andreu, A.; Flores, L.; Molero, J.; Mestre, C.; Obach, A.; Torres, F.; Moizé, V.; Vidal, J.; Navinés, R.; Peri, J.M.; Cañizares, S. Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: a Special Risk Group for Lifestyle, Emotional and Behavioral Adaptations During the COVID-19 Lockdown. Lessons from the First Wave. Obesity Surgery. Vol. 32. Num. 2. 2021. p. 441-449.
-Athanasiadis, D.I.; Martin, A.; Kapsampelis, P.; Monfared, S.; Stedanidis, D. Factors associated with weight regain post-bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Surgical Endoscopy. 2021.
-Bhutani, S.; VanDellen, M.R.; Haskins, L.B.; Cooper, J.A. Energy Balance-Related Behavior Risk Pattern and Its Correlates During COVID-19 Related Home Confinement. Frontiers in Nutrition. Vol. 8. 2021.
-Buckland, N.J.; Swinnerton, L.F.; Ng, K.; Price, M., Wilkinson, L.L.; Myers, A.; Dalton, M. Susceptibility to increased high energy dense sweet and savoury food intake in response to the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of craving control and acceptance coping strategies. Appetite. Vol. 158. 2021. p. 105017.
-Cherikh, F.; Frey, S.; Bel, C.; Attanasi, G.; Alifano, M.; Iannelli, A. Behavioral Food Addiction During Lockdown: Time for Awareness, Time to Prepare the Aftermath. Obesity Surgery. Vol. 30. Num. 9. 2020. p. 3585-3587.
-Conceição, E.; Lourdes, M.; Ramalho, S.; Félix, S.; Pinto-Bastos, A.; Vaz, A. R. Eating behaviors and weight outcomes in bariatric surgery patients amidst COVID-19. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2021.
-Courcoulas, A.P.; King, W.C.; Belle, S.H.; Berk, P.; Flum, D.R.; Garcia, L.; Gourash, W.; Horlick, M.; Mitchell, J.E.; Pomp, A.; Pories, W.J.; Purnell, J.Q.; Singh, A.; Spaniolas, K.; Thirlby, R.; Wolfe, B.M.; Yanovski, S.Z. Seven-Year Weight Trajectories and Health Outcomes in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Study. JAMA surgery. Vol. 153. Num. 5. 2018. p. 427-434.
-Durão, C.; Vaz, C.; Oliveira, V. N.; Calhau, C. Confinement During the COVID-19 Pandemic After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery-Associations Between Emotional Distress, Energy-Dense Foods, and Body Mass Index. Obesity Surgery. Vol. 31. Num. 10. 2021. p. 4452-4460.
-El Ansari, W.; Elhag, W. Weight Regain and Insufficient Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Prevalence, Mechanisms, Predictors, Prevention and Management Strategies, and Knowledge Gaps-a Scoping Review. Obesity Surgery. 2021.
-IBGE. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Pesquisa nacional por amostra de domicílios: síntese de indicadores 2015. Rio de Janeiro. 2016. p. 108.
-Luis, D.; Izaola, O.; Primo, D.; Gómez, E.; Torres, B.; Gómez, J.J.L.; Pacheco, D. Factors Related to Weight Gain in Subjects with Sleeve Gastrectomy During Lockdown by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Obesity Surgery. 2021.
-Nicoletti, C.F.; Esteves, G.P.; Genario, R.; Santo, M.A.; Cleva, R.; Gualano, B.; Roschel, H. Nutritional Inadequacies Among Post-bariatric Patients During COVID-19 Quarantine in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Obesity Surgery. Vol. 31. Num. 5. 2020. p. 2330-2334.
-Randall, T.; Mellor, C.; Wilkinson, L.L.A Qualitative Study Exploring Management of Food Intake in the United Kingdom During the Coronavirus Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology. Vol. 13. 2022.
-Sánchez, E.; Lecube, A.; Bellido, D.; Monereo, S.; Malagón, M.; Tinahones, F. Leading Factors for Weight Gain during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. Vol. 13. Num. 3. 2021. p. 894.
-Silva, G. M.; Pesce, G. B.; Martins, D. C.; Carreira, L.; Fernandes, C. A. M.; Jacques, A. E. Obesidade como fator agravante da COVID-19 em adultos hospitalizados: revisão integrativa. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem. Vol. 34. 2021.
-Small, D.M.; Difeliceantonio, A.G. Processed foods and food reward. Science (New York, N.Y.). Vol. 363. Num. 6425. 2019. p. 346-347.
-Torrego-Ellacuría, M.; Barabash, A.; Larrad-Sainz, A.; Hérnandez-Nuñez, G.M.; Matía-Martín, P.; Pérez-Ferre, N.; Marcuello, C.; Sánchez-Pernaute, A.; Torres, A.J.; Calle-Pascual, A.L.; Rubio, M.A. Weight Regain Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery in the Long-term Follow-up: Role of Preoperative Factors. Obesity Surgery. Vol. 31. Num. 9. 2021. p. 3947-3955.
Copyright (c) 2024 Katarina Marcelino de Oliveira, Vanessa Vieira Lourenço Costa, Daniela Lopes Gomes, Marcela de Souza Figueira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
