Nutritional profile and food consumption of patients with breast cancer: an integrative review
Abstract
Introduction: Breast neoplasms have a high incidence and mortality rate in Brazil and worldwide. As a result, there are several important scenarios, such as the anthropometric profile, food consumption and analysis of nutritional status, which become allies to better understand this population and outline more individual measures and strategies that minimize the effects of breast cancer. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional profile, body composition and food consumption among patients with breast cancer. Materials and methods: This is an integrative literature review. The results were obtained by direct online access through the databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct, using the combination of the following descriptors in English: Breast Neoplasms, Nutritional Status, Food Consumption and Anthropometry. The PICOS strategy was used to define the research question, and PRISMA for material selection. Results and Discussion: A total of eight studies were selected. Patients with breast cancer have a high Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and WHR, indicating cardiovascular risk and mortality. Regarding food consumption, it was possible to observe the intake of industrialized products (processed and ultra-processed), which contain higher levels of sodium, fats and sugars. The consumption of these foods is justified by the patients' loss of appetite, and consequently these industrialized foods bring greater palatability. Conclusion: The vast majority of patients were overweight and obese, with low intake of fruits, vegetables, and foods rich in anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, high-protein diets can improve symptoms caused by chemotherapy.
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