Evaluation of weight gain and changes in lipid and glycemic profile in renal transplant recipients in different immunosuppression protocols
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate weight gain and changes in lipid and glycemic profile in kidney transplant recipients in the first year after transplantation and their correlation with the use of different immunosuppression protocols. Materials and Methods: Analytical retrospective cohort observational study, involving 152 patients aged 19 years or older, of both sexes, who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2018 and December 2019, and followed up during the first year after transplantation. Secondary data were collected from medical records, including demographic, clinical, laboratory tests, and anthropometric data. The Shapiro-Wilk test, Paired T test and Wilcoxon test were used. Results: There was a higher prevalence of adult individuals (75%, n=114), male (67.76%, n=103), having Arterial Hypertension as the main underlying disease (32.89%, n=50). Patients who received immunosuppression regimen 1 (mycophenolate + tacrolimus) had significantly lower mean fasting glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol after 12 months of treatment. Patients undergoing regimen II (mycophenolate + prednisone + tacrolimus) also had a lower mean fasting glucose after 12 months. There was a significant reduction in mean triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol in patients who received regimen III (sirolimus + tacrolimus). Conclusion: The changes, especially in the first months after transplantation, are associated with high doses of administered immunosuppressants, while the gradual reduction is associated with the reduction of these doses, in addition to outpatient nutritional monitoring throughout the post-transplant period.
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