Clinical aspects of leptin and its complications in obesity: an integrative review
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the most recent findings and findings in the literature on the clinical aspects of leptin and its intimate relationship with obesity. Materials and Methods: A database search was performed using the terms leptin and obesity, as well as their acronyms in Portuguese and English. Articles published in the last five years that addressed the effects of leptin secretion by adipose tissue and its relationship with the genesis, complications and prevalence of obesity were selected. Results: Based on the collected and paired data, it was possible to see the close relationship between the resistance of leptin receptors in individuals with established obesity, as well as the influence of excess circulating leptin on inflammation markers and cytokine production proinflammatory, recruitment of immune system cells, higher incidence of malignant neoplasms, alteration in vitamin D and carbohydrate metabolism, weight gain and prevalence of hyperphagia conditioned by sleep suppression. Furthermore, genetic defects in leptin receptor proteins play a fundamental role in the development of obesity and the increase in circulating leptin in the bloodstream. Conclusions: Leptin secreted by adipose tissue plays a fundamental role in the genesis and incidence of obesity. Its clinical complications are complex and go beyond low satiety signaling and may play a decisive role in the individual's overall health status. Knowing its clinical aspects, as well as its main functions in the body, can help to understand its real importance to human health.
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