Association between fiber consumption and constipation in the elderly in a long-term institution
Abstract
Brazil, following a global trend, experiences an upward growth in the population of people aged over 60 years. With aging, some clinical conditions start to emerge, among which constipation can be included, which seems to be not only related to aging, but also to inadequate nutrition, with a decrease in the consumption of dietary fiber and a decrease in intake of liquids. This study aimed to investigate the association between fiber consumption and constipation in elderly people living in a long-term institution. For this investigation, a questionnaire was developed regarding demographic, anthropometric, eating habits and bowel function. For anthropometry, weight and height were measured. Food intake of macronutrients and fiber was assessed through the average consumption of three non-consecutive days, assessed through food records. The diagnosis of constipation was performed using the Rome IV criteria and the type of stool assessed by the Bristol Scale. Thirty-one elderly people with a mean age of 86.2 (6.8) years were evaluated and the prevalence of constipation was 22.6%. The average fiber intake was 20.0 (8.1) grams/day. It was observed that 64.5% did not meet the fiber recommendations and there was an association between inadequate fiber consumption and the diagnosis of constipation according to the Rome IV criteria (p=0.024). This study showed that inadequate fiber consumption may be associated with constipation in elderly people living in a long-term institution.
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