Epidemiological profile of patients undergoing bariatric surgery in a hospital of Brazil’s national health system
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease associated with comorbidities. A therapeutic option is surgery. The number of bariatric surgeries by the Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS) is increasing, but there are few national reports that describe the characteristics of operated patients. Aim: to report the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing bariatric surgery at Hospital José Martiniano de Alencar (HMJMA), a SUS institution in Ceará. Materials and Methods: the records of 61 patients operated on from October 2018 to March 2020 at the hospital were reviewed. Socio-demographic characteristics, personal and family history of obesity, anthropometric profile and comorbidities were evaluated. The data were presented using simple descriptive statistics. Results: the average age was 38 years, 84% were female, 100% non-smokers, 85% non-alcoholics, 67% married and 80% live in the city. A considerable portion had no paid activity (40%) or complete basic education (22%). Obesity was reported in adulthood in 73% and family history in 76%. Of the previous treatments, diet (92%) with guidance from a nutritionist (59%), physical activity (75%) and use of medications (64%) with medical prescription (29%) were mentioned. The mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 41.41 kg/m2. All had comorbidities, whose prevalence of hypertension was 43%, diabetes 29% and dyslipidemia 29%. Conclusion: the profile of patients operated on for obesity at the HMJMA was composed mainly of women, young people, non-smokers, non-alcoholics, grade III obese patients with an average BMI of 41.41 kg/m2 and with multiple comorbidities, especially metabolic diseases.
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