Gram-positive fecal bacili with morphological characteristics of lactobacilus and their relationship with nutritional status of adults
Abstract
Introduction: The obesity epidemic is a major global public health problem today. Obesity is a disease of multifactorial etiology that involves complex interactions of genetic, environmental, behavioral and microbial factors. Objective: to evaluate the amount of CFU of fecal gram-positive bacilli with morphological characteristics of Lactobacilli and to relate to the nutritional status of adults. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed with adults of both sexes (n=17). Subjects were divided into 2 groups based on BMI, with entropy group (n=8) those with BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg / m2 and obesity (n=9) those with BMI greater than or equal to 30.0 kg / m2. Fecal material was collected to determine the amount of CFU bacilli with morphological characteristics of Lactobacillus. Results: The number of CFUs wasn’t different between obese and eutrophic individuals; therefore, there wasn’t correlation between these variables (p=0.18) (r=0.052). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the result may be related to some methodological limitations, such as the reduced amount of the sample, the period of nutritional monitoring in the outpatient clinic and the lack of specific techniques to identify the genus and species of the gram-positive bacilli. Further studies are needed to control these limitations and can bring knowledge to science for a better understanding of the behavior of the intestinal microbiota, specifically of the genus Lactobacilli, regarding adult obesity.
References
-Alves, J.; Peres, S.; Gonçalves, E.; Mansinho, K. Anaerobic Bacteria with Clinical Relevance: Morphologic and Taxonomic Classification, Distribution among Human Microbiota and Microbiologic Diagnosis. Acta Médica Portuguesa. Vol. 30. Num.5. 2017. p.409-417.
-Barbuddhe, S.B.; Chakraborty, T. Listeria as an enteroinvasive gastrointestinal pathogen. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Vol.337. Num. 1. 2009. p. 173-195.
-Bernardeau, M.; Vernoux, J.P.; Henri-dubernet, S.; Guéguen, M. Safety assessment of dairy microorganisms: the Lactobacillus genus. International journal of food microbiology. Vol. 126. Num.3. 2008. p. 278-285
-Beserra, B.T.S. Avaliação da microbiota intestinal e sua relação com parâmetros metabólicos em mulheres com obesidade mórbida. Dissertação de Mestrado em Nutrição. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição. Florianópolis. 2014.
-Cani, P.D.; Everard, A. Talking microbes: when gut bacteria interact with diet and host organs. Molecular nutrition & food research. Vol. 60. Num. 1. 2015. p. 58-66.
-Carman, R.J.; Sayeed, S.; Li, J.; Genheimer, C.W.; Hiltonsmith, M.F.; Wilkins, T.D.; Mcclane, B.A. Clostridium perfringens toxin genotypes in the feces of healthy North Americans. Anaerobe. Vol. 14. Num. 2. 2008. p. 102-108.
-Delzenne, N.M.; Neyrinck, A.M.; Backhed, F.; Cani, P.D. Targeting gut microbiota in obesity: effects of prebiotics and probiotics. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Vol.7. Num.11, 2011. p. 639-646.
-Dewulf, E.M.; Cani, P.D.; Claus, S.P.; Fluentes, S.; Neyrinck, A.M. Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study with inulin-type fructans in obese women. Gut. Vol.62. Num.8. 2013. p. 1112-21.
-Dobbs, R.; Sawers, C.; Thompson, F.; Manyika, J.; Woetzel, J.R.; Child, P.; Mckenna S.; Spatharou, A.A. Overcoming Obesity: An Initial Economic Analysis. McKinsey Global Institute. Jakarta. Indonesia, 2014.
-Eid, H.M.; Wright, M.L.; Anil Kumar, N.V.; Qawasmeh, A.; Hassa, S.T.S.; Mocan, A.; Nabavi, S.M.; Rastrelli, L.; Atanasov, A.G.; Haddad, P.S. Significance of Microbiota in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases and the Modulatory Potential by Medicinal Plant and Food Ingredients. Front Pharmacol. Vol. 8. Num. 387. 2017. p. 219-226.
-Flint, H.J.; Ducan, S.H.; Scott, K.P.; Louis, P. Interactions and competition within the microbial community of the human colon: links between diet and health. Environ Microbiol. Vol. 9. Num. 5. 2007. p. 1101-1111.
-Frank, D.N.; Amand, A.L.; Feldman, R.A.; Boedeker, E.C.; Harpaz, N.; Pace, N.R. Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Vol. 104. Num. 34. 2007.p. 13780-13785.
-Gill, S.R.; Pop, M.; Deboy, R.T.; Eckburg, P.B.; Turnbaugh, P.J.; Samuel, B.S.; Gordon, J.I.; Relman, D.A.; Fraser-liggett, C.M.; Nelson, K.E. Metagenomic analysis of the human distal gut microbiome. Science. Vol. 2. Num. 312. 2006. p.1355 - 1359.
-Gomes, A.C.; Hoffman, C.; Mota, J.F. The human gut microbiota: metabolism and perspective in obesity. Gut Microbes. Vol. 9. Num. 4. 2018. p. 308-325.
-Ignacio, A.; Fernandes, M.R.; Rodrigues, V.A.; Groppo, F.C.; Cardoso, A.L.; Avila-Campos, M.J.; Nakano V. Correlation between body mass index and faecal microbiota from children. Clin Microbiol Infect. Vol. 22. Num 3. 2016. p. 258.
-Koliada, A.; Syzenko, G.; Moseiko, V.; Udovska, L.; Punckoy, K.; Perederiv, V.; Gavalko, Y.; Dorofeyey, A.; Romanenko, M.; Tkach, S.; Sineok, L.; Lushchak.; Vaiserman, A. Association between body mass index and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in adult Ukrainian population. BioMed Central Microbiology. Vol. 17. Num. 120. 2017.
-Ley, R.E.; Backhed, F.; Turnbaugh, P.; Lozupone, C.A.; Knight, R.D.; Gordon, J.I. Obesity alters gut microbial ecology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Vol. 102. Num. 31. 2005. p. 11070-11075.
-Meldrum, D.R.; Morris, M.A.; Gambone, J.C. Obesity pandemic: causes, consequences, and solutions-but do we have the will? Fertil Steril. Vol. 107. Num. 4. 2017. p. 833-839.
-Million, M.; Maraninchi, M.; Henry, M.; Armougom, F.; Richet, H.; Carrieri, P.; Valero, R.; Raccah, D.B.; Vialettes, D.; Raoult, D. Obesity-associated gut microbiota is enriched in Lactobacillus reuteri and depleted in Bifidobacterium animalis and Methanobrevibacter smithii. International Journal of Obesity. Vol. 36. 2012. p. 817-825.
-Million, M.; Angelakis, M.; Maraninchi, M.; Henry, R.; Giorgi, R.; Valero, R.; Vialettes, D.; Raoult, D. Correlation between body mass index and gut concentrations of Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium animalis, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Escherichia coli. Int J Obes. Vol. 37. Num. 11. 2013. p. 1460-1466.
-Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde. Vigitel 2016: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde. 2017.
-Nehra, V.; Allen, J.M.; Mailing, L.J.; Kashyap, P.C.; Woods, J.A. Gut Microbiota: Modulation of Host Physiology in Obesity. Physiology (Bethesda). Vol. 31. Num. 5. 2016. p. 327-35.
-Ouchi, N.; Parker, J.L.; Lugus, J.J.; Walsh, K. Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nature Rev. Immunol. Vol. 11. Num. 2. 2011. p. 85-97.
-Organização Mundial de Gastroenterologia (OMGE). Guias práticos: Probióticos e Prebióticos, 2011. Disponível em http:// www. worldgastroenterology.org/assets/export/userfiles/Probiotics_FINAL_pt_2012.pdf. Acesso em 30/09/2018.
-Parks, J.S.; Seo, J.H.; Young, H.S. Gut microbiota and clinical disease: obesity and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol. Vol. 16. Num.1. 2013. p. 22-27.
-Saltiel, A.R.; Olefsky, J.M.Inflammatory mechanisms linking obesity and metabolic disease. J. Clin. Invest. Vol. 127. Num.1. 2017. p. 1-4.
-Sonnenburg, J.L.; Backhed, F. Diet-microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism. Nature. Vol. 7. Num. 535. 2016. p. 56-64.
-Shah, N. Functional cultures and health benefits. International Dairy Journal. Vol. 17. Num.1. 2007. p. 1261-1277.
-Tiihonen, K.; Ouwehand, A.C.; Routonen, N. Effect of overweight on gastrointestinal microbiology and immunology: correlation with blood biomarkers. The British journal of nutrition.Vol. 103. Num. 7. 2010. p. 1070-1080.
-Turnbaugh, P.J.; Ley, R.E.; Mahowald, M.; Magrini, V.; Mardis, E.; Gordon, J. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. Vol. 21. Num. 444. 2006. p. 1027-1031.
-Zuo, H.J.; Xie, Z.M.; Zhang, W.W.; Li, Y.R.; Wang, W.; Ding, X.B. Gut bacteria alteration in obese people and its relationship with gene polymorphism. World journal of gastroenterology. World J Gastroenterol. Vol. 17, Num. 8. 2011. p. 1076-1081.
Copyright (c) 2022 Michel Ramos de Faria, Natália Rejane Furtado, Leandro Rodrigues da Cunha, Caroline Olimpio Romeiro de Meneses, Bianca Aparecida Dias, Bruna Stefane da Costa Assunção, Francielle Pereira Gomes, Aryel Souza do Nascimento
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
